Voepass accident: 10 questions that Cenipa's final report should clarify Almost two years after the biggest Brazilian aviation accident since 2007, the Center for Investigation and Prevention of Aeronautical Accidents (Cenipa) releases, this Thursday (23), the final report on the crash of Voepass flight 2283, which killed 62 people in Vinhedo (SP). The document is awaited because it will bring, for the first time, Cenipa's conclusion on the factors that contributed to the accident. The expectation is that he will also present recommendations to avoid new tragedies. ? g1 will broadcast the presentation of the final report live and will follow, in real time, the conclusions of the Cenipa press conference. Watch here. ??And to understand which doubts related to the crash the final report should clarify, g1 listened to aviation safety experts and separated 10 essential questions. Check it out below: What was the role of ice in the fall? Did the defrosting system work correctly? Were lights and sound warnings working normally? Was there any communication about a problem with the deicing system during the flight? Before the plane took off, was there any communication about aircraft failures? Did the pilot and copilot act in accordance with the protocols for the situation on that flight? Was there a failure in inspection by Anac? Did the accident reveal any need for improvement in the manufacturing of the ATR 72-500? Was there negligence on the part of Voepass? What lessons does aviation learn from the accident to improve air transport safety? Two black boxes from the Voepass ATR-72, which crashed in Vinhedo, are in the possession of the Cenipa team for investigation into the accident. Reproduction/Jornal Nacional One of the air safety experts explained that, after Cenipa identified all the facts, the investigators indicate which of them, if removed, would have avoided or mitigated the consequences of the accident. "These are called contributing factors. An accident can have several", explained the specialist, who asked not to be identified. Cenipa's investigation has an exclusively preventive nature. This means that the report does not identify culprits or attribute civil or criminal liability. The investigation into possible crimes is conducted separately by the Federal Police (PF). Since the accident, investigators have: analyzed the aircraft's black boxes; examined engines, systems, and maintenance records; studied weather conditions; carried out tests on simulators; made an experimental flight with another ATR 72-500; and listened to pilots, mechanics, dispatchers and other professionals involved in the operation. What was the role of ice in the fall? Images recorded by residents show the ATR 72-500 losing support, going into a tailspin and falling. From the first days after the accident, ice formation became one of the main lines of investigation. Shortly after the tragedy, an analysis by the Satellite Image Analysis and Processing Laboratory, at the Federal University of Alagoas (Ufal), indicated that the aircraft flew between eight and ten minutes in an area with severe ice conditions. According to the ATR manufacturer's manual, this is an emergency scenario, because ice can accumulate faster than the protection system can remove, compromising the aircraft's lift and control. Did the defrosting system work correctly? The black box data shows that the plane's deicing system was activated three times during the flight. Heard by g1 a year ago, the director of the National Institute of Criminalistics (INC), Carlos Eduardo Palhares Machado, stated that there are signs that the system may not have worked correctly. "For them to be flying at an icy altitude, in severe icing conditions, to have activated the system three times and, most likely, that device not having worked, this is very relevant from the point of view of what caused, or what could have caused, the accident", said Palhares. Commercial planes have an anti-icing system, which inflates and discards ice accumulation on the wings Reproduction/TV Globo Did the lights and sound warnings work normally? In addition to the deicing system being activated three times during the flight, the cabin would have registered warnings of loss of speed and reduced aircraft performance. At times, these alerts were not accompanied by the activation of the de-icing system, but it is not yet known why. Was there any communication about a problem with the deicing system during the flight? One of the questions is whether the pilot and co-pilot warned the company or air traffic control about a possible failure in the deicing system during the flight. Communications with air traffic control indicate this did not happen. Even when the panel indicated a level two severity alert, on a scale that goes up to three, the pilot agreed to wait for another plane to pass before beginning the descent. Just before the aircraft lost control, the copilot commented: "quite a lot of ice". Image taken by drone shows the work of emergency teams at the site of the Voepass plane crash in Vinhedo (SP), on August 10, 2024. Carla Carniel/ Reuters Was there communication about a problem with the deicing system before the flight? According to James Waterhouse, professor at the Department of Aeronautical Engineering at the University of São Paulo (USP), one of the doubts is whether the crew already knew about problems with the deicing system before takeoff, as there was no record in the technical on-board logbook (TLB). "What is being thought is that there were problems, but that the pilots reported it verbally to the mechanics to prevent it from going into the logbook. Once it is in the logbook, correction is mandatory or the plane could not be dispatched on a day when ice is expected to form." In August 2025, g1 revealed the report of a former Voepass employee according to which a pilot verbally warned, hours before the accident, that the deicing system had failed during a previous flight. Pilot and copilot acted with